Translation Mechanisms and Control

Book Series: A Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology Collection
Subject Area(s): Molecular Biology

Edited by Michael B. Mathews, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center; Nahum Sonenberg, McGill University; John W.B. Hershey, University of California, Davis

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Preface
Principles of Translational Control
Index

© 2018 • 499 pages, illustrated (81 color and 3 B&W), index
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ISBN 978-1-621821-86-1
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Description
Contents

Description

Translation is the process by which cells synthesize proteins. During the process, molecular machines called ribosomes use messenger RNA molecules that relay the genetic code from DNA to direct assembly of the amino acid building blocks that make up proteins. This is all tightly controlled to ensure that the correct proteins are synthesized at the appropriate time and in the quantities needed by the cell. Aberrant translation causes significant problems for cells and contributes to cancer and various neurological disorders (e.g., autism).

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology examines our current understanding of all aspects of protein synthesis and its control. The contributors describe recent insights into the fundamental steps in translation (initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling) based on high-resolution structures of the translational machinery. The signaling pathways and targets of translational control (e.g., initiation factors, mRNAs, and ribosomes) are discussed, as are the roles of riboswitches, processing bodies (P-bodies), stress granules, and various classes of RNAs (e.g., circular RNAs). Methods to study translation dynamics, including ribosome profiling, kinetic assays, and single-molecule and single-cell fluorescence imaging, are also covered.

In addition, the authors examine translational control during early embryo development, stem cell differentiation, and memory formation. The deregulation of translation in cancer and neurological disorders, as well as the development of small molecules that target translation for therapeutic purposes, is also discussed. This volume is therefore an essential reference not only for cell and molecular biologists but also for cancer biologists and others who investigate human diseases associated with dysregulation of translation.

Preface
Principles of Translational Control: John W.B. Hershey, Nahum Sonenberg, and Michael B. Mathews
Protein Synthesis and Translational Control: A Historical Perspective: Soroush Tahmasebi, Nahum Sonenberg, John W.B. Hershey, and Michael B. Mathews
Protein Synthesis Initiation in Eukaryotic Cells: William C. Merrick and Graham D. Pavitt
Translation Elongation and Recoding in Eukaryotes: Thomas E. Dever, Jonathan D. Dinman, and Rachel Green
Translation Termination and Ribosome Recycling in Eukaryotes: Christopher U.T. Hellen
Translation in Prokaryotes: Marina V. Rodnina
New Insights into Ribosome Structure and Function: Amy Jobe, Zheng Liu, Cristina Gutierrez-Vargas, and Joachim Frank
Ribosome Profiling: Global Views of Translation: Nicholas T. Ingolia, Jeffrey A. Hussmann, and Jonathan S. Weissman
Toward a Kinetic Understanding of Eukaryotic Translation: Masaaki Sokabe and Christopher S. Fraser
Single-Molecule Fluorescence Applied to Translation: Arjun Prabhakar, Elisabetta Viani Puglisi, and Joseph D. Puglisi
Fluorescence Imaging Methods to Investigate Translation in Single Cells: Jeetayu Biswas, Yang Liu, Robert H. Singer, and Bin Wu
The Epitranscriptome in Translation Regulation: Eyal Peer, Sharon Moshitch-Moshkovitz, Gideon Rechavi, and Dan Dominissini
Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Translation: Marina Chekulaeva and Nikolaus Rajewsky
Noncanonical Translation Initiation in Eukaryotes: Thaddaeus Kwan and Sunnie R. Thompson
Repeat-Associated Non-ATG Translation in Neurological Diseases: Tao Zu, Amrutha Pattamatta, and Laura P.W. Ranum
The Interplay between the RNA Decay and Translation Machinery in Eukaryotes: Adam M. Heck and Jeffrey Wilusz
Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay Begins Where Translation Ends: Evangelos D. Karousis and Oliver Mühlemann
Riboswitches and Translation Control: Ronald R. Breaker
Mechanistic Insights into MicroRNA-Mediated Gene Silencing: Thomas F. Duchaine and Marc R. Fabian
Stress Granules and Processing Bodies in Translational Control: Pavel Ivanov, Nancy Kedersha, and Paul Anderson
Role of eIF2α Kinases in Translational Control and Adaptation to Cellular Stress: Ronald C. Wek
Phosphorylation and Signal Transduction Pathways in Translational Control: Christopher G. Proud
Translational Control in Cancer: Nathaniel Robichaud, Nahum Sonenberg, Davide Ruggero, and Robert J. Schneider
Translational Control during Developmental Transitions: Felipe Karam Teixeira and Ruth Lehmann
Translational Control in the Brain in Health and Disease: Wayne S. Sossin and Mauro Costa-Mattioli
Translational Control in Virus-Infected Cells: Noam Stern-Ginossar, Sunnie R. Thompson, Michael B. Mathews, and Ian Mohr
Therapeutic Opportunities in Eukaryotic Translation: Jennifer Chu and Jerry Pelletier
Index

Translation Mechanisms and Control

Description

Contents